With the surging power supply from a dozen dedicated nuclear fusion power plants, this energy was channeled into two beams of protons through the conversion of electromagnetic acceleration coils.
How immense is the total electricity capable of supplying an entire metropolitan area in the Earth era? And how minuscule is the mass of a single beam of particles?
This extreme disparity between the large and the small leads to a very obvious result.
The speed of these proton beams was accelerated to a velocity extremely, extremely close to the speed of light.
Of course, exceeding the speed of light remains impossible. According to Li Qingsong's current theory, any matter with mass, even neutrinos, would have its mass and energy approach infinity once its speed reaches the speed of light, even surpassing the combined mass of the entire universe.
Although the speed of these proton beams has not yet reached the speed of light, but only approaches it, they still possess unprecedentedly immense energy.
Thus, in a brief period of tens of microseconds, the two beams of particles collided violently within the giant accelerator reaction chamber.
In that instant, their energy level even far exceeded the core of a hydrogen bomb explosion, surpassed the fusion core of a star, and even exceeded the core of a neutron star!
Under the influence of such immense energy, a series of extremely peculiar phenomena, which Li Qingsong had never seen before, occurred one after another.
Li Qingsong observed two extremely peculiar particles.
Both of these particles were extremely heavy, far exceeding protons, and possessed electric charges of +4/3e and +1/3e, respectively.
They existed for only a fleeting moment, decaying in the next instant.
However, that fleeting moment of existence was captured by the detection devices deployed by Li Qingsong.
After precisely measuring their various properties, Li Qingsong's heart suddenly surged with excitement.
Their various properties were exactly the same as the X and Y bosons predicted in his theoretical framework!
Therefore, Li Qingsong could conclude that they were indeed X and Y bosons!
The transmission of fundamental forces is achieved through particles.
For example, the electromagnetic force transmits its force through photons, the weak nuclear force through W and Z bosons, and the strong nuclear force through gluons.
Then, if these three fundamental forces could be unified into a unified force, what kind of particle would the unified force rely on to transmit its force?
The answer is the X and Y bosons!
So, the matter became very clear: detecting the X and Y bosons could directly prove that, in the previous collision, the electromagnetic force, weak nuclear force, and strong nuclear force had already been unified into a unified force!
Li Qingsong was still fully engaged in analyzing the various data generated by this collision.
Thus, he saw that, after existing for an extremely brief period, these X and Y bosons spontaneously decayed.
In that instant, the supporting magnetic monopole detectors detected a large number of magnetic field fluctuations. Meanwhile, another type of detector detected a large number of proton "disappearance" events.
Why were protons disappearing? Obviously, they had decayed, transforming into photinos and escaping the reaction area.
The probability of proton decay is extremely low; even such a massive proton decay detector would only observe a single proton decay event on average every few days.
Why were so many protons decaying simultaneously in the particle collider at this instant?
Obviously, it was also due to the unification energy scale and the existence of X and Y bosons.
This also basically conformed to Li Qingsong's theoretical framework!
Even more, Li Qingsong also detected the presence of extra photons within the particle collider.
This meant that, in that unprecedentedly high-energy collision, due to the energy being too high, microscopic black holes were even generated inside the particle collider!
Black holes are celestial bodies even more extreme and dense than neutron stars. Their surface escape velocity even exceeds the speed of light, and the speed of light is the fastest speed allowed by the natural laws of the universe.
This means that once any matter enters a black hole, it can no longer escape.
Black holes are the most extreme and mysterious celestial bodies in the universe.
And now, Li Qingsong, relying on his own technical means, had actually created a black hole!
Of course, it was only a micro black hole, its total mass possibly only on the order of a few protons.
According to the principles of black hole thermodynamics, the lifespan of a black hole is proportional to its mass.
Although their escape velocity exceeds the speed of light, seemingly making it impossible for any mass to escape from them, black holes can still lose mass based on the Hawking radiation mechanism.
The larger the mass of a black hole, the longer its lifespan. The smaller the mass, the shorter the lifespan.
At this moment, the lifespan of these black holes, with a mass of only a few protons, was so short that it only lasted for an instant. In an instant, they would lose all of their mass in the form of Hawking radiation, transforming into photons and radiating outwards.
Thus, Li Qingsong observed the extra photons.
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In addition to the X and Y bosons, W and Z bosons, proton decay, magnetic monopoles, and micro black holes, Li Qingsong also observed many other types of particles and physical processes.
There were too many and too complex of these changes. Even if Li Qingsong had improved the detection accuracy as much as possible, it was impossible to analyze all of its mysteries through this one collision.
Even to increase the data output speed, Li Qingsong spent huge resources to build several other colliders.
In this process of collision after collision, thinking, analyzing, reasoning, and calculating bit by bit, more brand-new laws of physics were discovered by Li Qingsong and unified and supplemented into the existing theoretical framework.
Time passed quietly. One day, after writing down yet another formula with many complex symbols and operators, the clone where Li Qingsong's consciousness resided gently breathed out.
This was a formula describing how photinos obtain kinetic energy during the proton decay process within the grand unified theory framework.
In the entire theoretical framework, this formula could only be considered a marginal material and was not important.
But at this moment, the supplement of this formula was like the last building block, and after putting it on, this castle named "Grand Unified Theory" was filled with the last missing piece.
That's right, after hundreds of years of exhausting all efforts and going all out in research, at this moment, Li Qingsong finally completely and utterly unified the strong nuclear force and mastered the Grand Unified Theory!
Although this set of theories has not yet brought any combat power or application-level improvements to Li Qingsong, Li Qingsong knows that he has now truly surpassed the electroweak stage and has truly become a strong nuclear civilization!
